Benteng-Benteng Pertahanan di Gorontalo: Bentuk, Peran dan Fungsinya

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: Jun 1, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24164/pw.v9i1.311
Keywords:
Gorontalo fortification design old Italian style new Netherlands style

Main Article Content

Irfanuddin Wahid Marzuki
Balai Arkeologi Yogyakarta Jl. Gedongkuning No. 174 Yogyakarta

Abstract

Gorontalo is one of the areas around Tomini bay which is the place used for fighting in the surrounding kingdoms (Ternate, Tidore, Palasa, Bugis, Makassar), againts the Netherlands. In addition, the Gorontalo region was targeted by the Mindanao (Mangindano) and Galela pirates who controlled the waters of Tomini Bay. To deal with these attacks, three fortresses was built at the opening of the Bone Bolango River overlooking Tomini Bay in different period. The location is very strategic and became the main gateway to Gorontalo from the sea. This study aims to determine the development of the fortress in Gorontalo, role and function in each period. The research method used is historical archeology, which combine archeological data with written sources. The results showed that there were three periods of fortification construction in Gorontalo, namely; the Sultan Botutihe period, the VOC period, and the Dutch East Indies colonial period which had different character and function.

Article Details

How to Cite
Marzuki, I. W. (2020). Benteng-Benteng Pertahanan di Gorontalo: Bentuk, Peran dan Fungsinya. PURBAWIDYA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Arkeologi, 9(1), 47–62. https://doi.org/10.24164/pw.v9i1.311
Issue
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): Vol. 9(1) 2020
Section
Article
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

References

Abbas, N. (1996). Penempatan Benteng Kolonial di Kota-Kota Abad XVII-XIX M di Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Penelitian Arkeologi, II(4), 47–52.

Abbas, N. (2006). Rancang Bangun dan Peran Benteng Sumenep. Berkala Arkeologi, XXVI(1), 1–11.

Abbas, N. (2018). Beberapa Benteng Belanda di Jawa Tengah. Yogyakarta: Balai Arkeologi DI Yogyakarta.

Abrianto, O. (2008). Perkembangan Teknologi Bangunan Pertahanan Sebelum dan Setelah Abad ke-20 Masehi di Indonesia. In K. Yuliyanto (Ed.), Dinamika Permukiman dalam Budaya Indonesia. Bandung: PD Pista Setting.

Amin, B. (2012). Memori Gorontalo Teritori, Transisi, dan Tradisi. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak.

Bastiaans, J. (1939). Batato’s in het oude Gorontalo, in verband met den Gorontaleescheen staatsbouw. Tijdschrift 79.

Bloembergen, M. (2011). Polisi Jaman Hindia Belanda: Dari Kepedulian dan Ketakutan. Jakarta: Kompas Gramedia.

Bonke, H. (2010). European Forts in Indonesian Archipelago (Nusantara). In Inventory and Identification Forts in Indonesia (1st ed., pp. 32–45). Jakarta: Pusat Dokumentasi Arsitektur, Direktorat Peninggalan Purbakala Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata, PAC Architect Consultant.

Brice, M. (1999). Forts and Fortresses. London: Chancellor Press.

Dijktershuis, E. (1970). Simon Stevin Science in The Netherlands around 1600. In Simon Stevin Science in The Netherlands around 1600. The Haag: Martinus Nijhoof.

Funari, P. P. (1999). Archaeology in History. In P. P. Funari (Ed.), Historical Archaeology Back From the Edge. London: Routledge.

Hall, W. (1983). Fortification. In In Groiler Academic Encyclopedia 8 (pp. 238–241). Groiler International.

Hasanuddin, D. (2013). Kerajaan Bolango: Dari Tapa ke Bolaang Uki (Suatu Tinjauan Sejarah Sosial). Yogyakarta: Kepel Press.

Haviser, J. B. (2010). The ‘Old Netherlands Style’ and Seventeenth-Century Dutch Fortifications of The Caribbean. In E. Klingelhofer (Ed.), First Forts Essay on the Archaeology of Proto-colonial Fortifications (pp. 167–187). Leiden. Boston:

Hogg, I. V. (1981). The History of Fortification. London: St. Martin’s Press.

Iriyanto, N. (2010). Benteng-Benteng Kolonial Eropa di Pulau Ternate dalam Peta Pelayaran dan Perdagangan Maluku Utara. Yogyakarta.

Januari, Y. 23. (1981). Menentang Kolonialisme dan Mempertahankan Negara Proklamasi. Jakarta: PT. Gobel Dharma Nusantara.

Koestoro, L. P. (2014). Benteng di Sumatera bagian Utara dan Perspektif Penelitiannya. In Benteng, Dulu, Kini, dan Esok. Yogyakarta: Kepel Press.

Kristanto, B. (1996). Sejarah Masyarakat Borgo di Tanawangko Minahasa 1919-1945. Manado.

Manoppo, G. (1977). Struktur Bahasa Melayu Manado. Manado.

Mansyur, S. (2006). Sistem Pertahanan di Maluku Abad XVII-XIX (Kajian Terhadap Pola Sebaran Benteng. Kapata Arkeologi, 2(3), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.24832/kapata.v2i3.37

Mansyur, S. (2014). Sistem Perbentengan dalam Jaringan Niaga Cengkih Masa Kolonial di Maluku. Kapata Arkeologi, 10(2), 85-98.

Mansyur, S. (2016). Sebaran Benteng Kolonial Eropa di Pesisir Barat Pulau Halmahera: Jejak Arkeologis dan Sejarah Perebutan Wilayah di Kesultanan Jailolo. PURBAWIDYA: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Arkeologi, 5(2), 133. https://doi.org/10.24164/pw.v5i2.97

Marihandono, D. (2008). Perubahan Peran dan Fungsi Benteng Dalam Tata Ruang Kota. Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia, 10(1), 144–160. https://doi.org/10.17510/wjhi.v10i1.182

Marihandono, D. (2013). Perubahan Peran dan Fungsi Benteng dalam Tata Ruang Kota. 133–142.

Marzuki, I. W. (2012). Pola Keletakan Bangunan Indis di Kota Gorontalo dan Strategi Pelestariannya. Yogyakarta.

Marzuki, I. W. (2018). Perkembangan Morfologi Kota Gorontalo Dari Tradisional Hingga Kolonial. Manado.

Marzuki, I. W. (2019). Bentuk dan Struktur Benteng Nassau Gorontalo. Manado: Balai Arkeologi. Manado.

Mundardjito. (2010). Nusantara Forts. In Inventory and Identification Forts in Indonesia (1st ed., pp. 26–31). Jakarta: Pusat Dokumentasi Arsitektur, Direktorat Peninggalan Purbakala Kementerian Kebudayaan Pariwisata dan PAC Architect and Consultants.

Parengkuan, F. (1983). Sejarah Sosial Sulawesi Utara. Manado: FS Unsrat.

Riedl, J. (1869). Het Landscap Holontalo, Limoeto, Bone, Boalemo, en Katinggola of Andagile:Geographische, Statistiche, Historische en Etnographisce Aanteekeningen. TBG.

Rosenberg, C. V. (1865). Reistogten in de Afdeeling Gorontalo. Amsterdam: Frederik Muller.

Suyono. (2003). Peperangan Kerajaan di Nusantara. Yogyakarta: Grasindo.

Triwuryani. (1995). Alokasi Situs-Situs Arkeologi di Kawasan Das Way Sekampung. Manusia Dalam Ruang Studi Kawasan Arkeologi. Yogyakarta: Balai Arkeologi DI Yogyakarta.

Wojowasito. (2000). Kamus Umum Belanda Indonesia. Jakarta: Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve.